CoP2 Studio brief

What will you do?.


The area of study I will be looking at is transmedia. Mainly How transmedia today works in reverse, -e.g rather than the basic sense of idea to book, to Cartoon, To game, then to film (or Film to game).In today’s standers transtemdia works in any direction, being Star wars or Doctor Who both Franchises have spread across all media and platforms. And how the use of transmedia has helped preserve a franchise over the years.
For the Artefact I plan on making a “short” video animation that will explore one genres process through different media’s, and how each type of media aided its development.  I will do this by giving visual examples of the cross overs as well as the characters design/looks across medias.



New ideas.


My original idea was to use Star Wars as the focus point. But since didn’t talk about Star wars in my essay, I will be covering Assassin’s Creed’s journey through Transmedia. The reason if this is because Assassin’s creed is seen as “ the most successful transmedia project ever.”. So with this in mind, the video I intend to make will be a visualisation of the essay, the parts the essay covered, and didn’t.
I will do this via a series of onscreen text and imagery, as well as some examples of its move across media, as well as some un office fan made projects. The idea is to mimic/replicate the Animus’s desktop data banks, where the files would open up and display the required image .


How does it fit in with the essay?



In the essay I talk about Assassin’s Creed’s journey through thrasmedia, and what each media type was used for. In the video piece I took the information, as well as some additional information and set it out in sup chronological line. Giving visual examples of its journey, from the 1^st game, to the upcoming game and movie .

What is Transmedia? And how has it aided the expansion of some genres

What is Transmedia? And how has it aided the expansion of some genres

Transmedia storytelling or Transmedia Narrative is a technique where a single story or idea is told over a wide array of media platforms and formats. With the aid of current digital technology this process is able to spread faster into new Medias that both support and enhance the story.

You may not even notice is, but it’s there, transmedia storytelling is in almost in every form and type of media.  Some times its clear to see, other times it is in the little things that link them together. The question is, has transmedia change? Or more precisely has it changed the way we tell the story?

This essay will explore how the TV and game franchise (Doctor Who and Assassins’ Creed) have both used transmedia to their individual advantages. Transmedia entertainment, mainly in film/TV or games is used to expand the given story and expand on it, giving the consumer more background stories, or in the case of Doctor Who, where it gives set target audiences their own show to watch

Transmedia in games

Assassins’ Creed has proven itself to be one of the most successful transmedia projects to date. Since Assassin’s Creed first appeared in November 2007 with its protagonist Altair in the third crusade. The Assassins franchise was born by the end of the game; the audience was left with a lot of unanswered questions. Two years later Assassin’s Creed II was released, with it a new story and protagonist a young nobleman by the name of Ezio Auditore da Firenzeand takes place in 15th Century Florence. However Ubisoft saw an opportunity to use Transmedia to advance the story.

This was done in the form of a 36 minute live-action film. This short film named Lineage is the prequel to Assassin’s Creed II and was released in 3 episodes, one week after each other on Ubisofts YouTube Channel. The short film revolves around Giovanni Auditore (Ezio’s father and Assassin) by the end of the film, Giovanni states “…always remember, we are the Auditore Firenzeand and we are the Assassins” and just before the credits we see a single phrase “the conclusion…is in your hands.”  The game picks up from this point, more or less.

Now following success of Assassins’ Creed II., its franchise has taken full advantage of transmedia story telling following the success of AC2 Lineage. In November 2010 The next short move promo to be releast was for Assassin’s Creed Brotherhood named “Ascendance” unlike the first short film, this one took more of an animated still painted images approach [see fig 1] this film served as a small back story to the games plot and Ezio’s development. And just like linage as the film ends, Ezio states “I am Ezio Auditore and Like my father before me, I am Assassin.

Once again, in November 2011 the final game in the Assassin’s Creed 2 series and Ezio’s journey comes to an end with Revelations. Ubisoft produced yet another short film “Assassin's Creed: Embers” released  15 November 2011  , this time it showed Ezio now as an old man on a farm, once again dragged into the Assassin’s fight, this 22 minute animation also introduced the new faction to the Assassin’s brotherhood, a chines faction. And unlock the privies two films, Embers is set after the game rather than before it.

Other than crossing the games over to short films and animations, Assassin’s Creed has produced seven comics/ graphic novels. These graphic novels expand the Assassin’s Creed universe introducing additional characters,   (Assassin) and new common enemy’s (Templars). Some novels include

“The fallen” set in the late 1880’s Russia near the time of the Tunguska event. With Nikolai Orelov as the protagonist.
“The Chain” follows a new character called Daniel Cross, and it also serves as a backstory to the events in Assassin’s Creed III

And finally all the “main games” (Assassin’s Creed 1,2 brotherhood, revelations, 3 and 4) have a  series of books that follow along side of the main series. These books are as follows (order from AC1 to 4)

The Secret Crusade (June 23, 2011)
Renaissance (November 20, 2009) 
Brotherhood (November 25, 2010)
Revelations (November 24, 2011)
Forsaken (December 4, 2012)
Black Flag (November 26, 2013)

Although most of the books did not come out the same time as their game counterpart, each book follows the untold journeys each Assassin faced, most of them focuses more on further back story development and character development rather than adding to the existing story.

Transmedia in TV shows

Much like Assassin’s Creed that went from game, to comic, to mini film, and in between there were graphic novels and books containing backstories and additional plot lines of the games.

Doctor Who took a different approach to using Transmedia, to enhance its popularity and life span. It crossed from a TV series, to audio tapes, and from there, more TV shows, 1 film, a load of graphic novels, and in the past few years games and spin offs (tag talk about torchwood, how it has its own side/back story developments via the books)

Doctor Who is the longest running Science fiction program, it started in 1963 as a slot filler for Tea-Time TV, it Ended in 1989 and was brought back in 1996 but did not become  a weekly series until 2005. As of now 12 actors have played the time lord with the 13^th to start this year, this does not include the two feature films of the 1960’s staring Peter Cushing. Doctor who has numerous spin off franchises, these include books, radio plays, comics, film, mini-series, and TV shows.

Doctor Who was originally aimed towards family audiences and was intended   to be a more Educational program that would use the concept of time travel to visit historical and Scientific events , but it quickly evolved into a Sci-Fi adventure program, the show had captured the attention of the audience and has influenced many generations of views,. But this popularity could have come to a premature end after three years and 134 episodes (29 stories) later when William Hartnell decided to leave the show, due to his poor health which affected his physical and mental performance. In order to keep the show going, the Producers introduced the concept of “Regeneration”, however it was not until the third on-screen regeneration where the concept was explained. A Time Lord can regenerate no more than 12 times. During the regeneration process The Doctor will change his appearance, and also behaviour, “a new face a new man”…

This worked, and Doctor Who was on air for a good 26 years until in December 1989 the program was cancelled. 

Doctor Who on Radio

Throughout these years the BBC would release the audio of the episodes as radio broadcast on BBC Radio 7. This little jump to radio would save some of the “Missing Episodes”. As the name suggest in the early years the BBC never considered how big the franchise would get, and were carless to lose/ re-record over episode and even destroy the only copies. But because they had once broadcast them on BBC radio 7, most of the episodes audio were saved via off-air recordings by the fans. These recordings would later be used to digitally revive lost episodes.

 In May 1996 the BBC tried to revive the service by means of a film, the film stared Paul McGann as the Eight Doctor.  However the film was not a success and due to its failure, Doctor Who slowly started to fade although Paul McGann only played the Doctor for the film, He gave BBC the rights to use his likeness/image for all/any novels that would be made

Doctor Who Novels

The BBC still produced novels and audio versions of older episode well into 2013 as well as some re readings of older episodes/books read by Tom Baker (Fourth Doctor). To keep Doctor Who in the public interest, they started to release “classic” doctor who toys, these would include 6 inch figures (much like the star wars) and radio controlled 22 inch models, these included the black or silver daleks, k-9 and Who-1 (the Doctors Car)

In 2005 Doctor Who came back to BBC with Christopher Eccleston (as the Ninth Doctor), like Paul MCGann (Ninth Doctor) their only job was to revive the program, and get new people, Christopher Eccleston successfully achieved this, and in 2005 he was replaced with David Tennant (tenth Doctor, 2005-2010). Tennants popularity gives BBC a chance to expand the Doctor Who universe once more. This was done with two animated mini-series. 

Doctor Who Mini Animated series

The first is “Scream of the Shalka” aired November 13 – December 18 2003, and un-like the TV series, this was released weekly on BBC.co.uk Doctor Who page. This 6 part mini-series was produced to coincide with the upcoming 40^th anniversary.

The second being “the infant Quest” Aired April 2 to June 30 2007(total of 13 episodes, total running time 45 minutes). The Infant Quest has similarities to the animation/art style used in the lost episodes (flash animation)

The third being “Dreamland” was a CGI 3D animation short series and Aired “1-26 November 2009 (total of 5 episodes, total running time 42 minutes) and is the first fully 3D CGI Doctor Who show

Spin Offs

On December 28^th 1981 (during the original doctor who series. 1963-1989) a Spin off entitled “K.9 and /company” was aired, but there was only one episode made and it was called “A Girls Best Friend” it followed K.9 and Sarah Jane Smith, This episode was to serve as a pilot for the program and lasted 50 minutes. To celebrate the Twentieth Anniversary Sarah Jane Smith and K.9 re-appeared in “The Five Doctors” episode in 1983.

Following the successful revival of Doctor Who in 2005 a number of spin offs appeared. In 2006 Sarah jane Smith and K.9 were Re-Introduced in “School Reunion” in this episode Sarah Jane is investigating some strange activities at the school, when she finds the Doctor’s TARDIS .

In January 2007 the Sarah Jane Adventures started to air, this lasted 5 series (53 episodes) and ended 0ctober 2011. And in 2009 the Tenth Doctor appeared in “The Wedding of Sarah Jane Smith”(series 3).
from November  5^th 2007 to November 24^th 2011, 11 audio Adventures of Sarah Jane Adventures were released to CD
From November 1^st 2007- to November 25 2010, 11 Novelisation of some episodes (mainly season one and two) and saw transition from print to E-Books

Once again following the success of 2005’s doctor who, a new character “Captain Jack Hartness” received his own spin off, entitled “Torchwood” whereas Doctor Who is aimed towards both adults and children, Torchwood is aimed mainly to the older audience due to its graphic nature, violence, strong language, adult humour and sexual content.  Torchwood ran for 4 series  (41 episodes) Airing from 22nd October 2006 to 15^th September 2011 In season one and two each episode had its own story, with some character development carrying into other episodes. However series 3 (Children of earth) and series 4 (miracle day) consisted of 6 episodes, that slowly developed a single story line. 

Torchwood has produced some of its own Spin-offs and merchandise. These include a total of 16 comics, short stories that were published in the Doctor Who magazine. A number of Radio Plays set between the 2^nd and 3^rd season. 
Between January 14^th 2007 and September 13^th 2012 a total of 19 Novels were published, each novel consisted of its own story line meaning they can be read in any order, but they do reference events from some episodes in the TV series on occasion.

Between April 2^nd 2007 to September 12 201217 Audio Books were released (only 6 of the novels were adapted into Audio books, the other 11 are Original Exclusive stories).

Doctor  Who Games

With Tennont’s departure, and the Eleventh Doctors (Matt Smith) Arrival the series once again expanded its universe, with a 4 part game series “Doctor Who, The Adventure Game” is a free to play download game with each episode (each level would consist of around 40-50 minutes of game play, much like the running time of the show) was released between June 5^th 20010 – October 13st 2012. The game played as a generic search, Stealth and puzzle game, but with the joy of playing as The Doctor. The game also served as a fact finder for its newer younger audience, via collectables, each would unlock some information about each Doctor and their adventures.

Muchandicing and expanding

In the Recent years Doctor Who has been expanding its grip on the community and expanding its universe with ever growing poularity. For many years now the fandom of Doctor Who have been busy making and creating their own original stories and adaptations of the bace show. Other then small 6 inch

 In the last month, its been announced that Doctor Who Lego has now entered Official Reviewing Phase after reaching 10,000 Supporters [1]. IF Doctor Who does come to LEGO, its guaranteed a Doctor Who: The LEGO  game will also be made down the line

Missing Episodes

As said earlier most, if not all the “old” episodes were released on BBC radio 7 and were recorded by fans, here is where Doctor Who used Transmedia to revive its self If the BBC were unable to recover a decent amount of video for the episode, they would re make the episode in a cartoon. Using any references they could find of the episode in question. In total around 8 missing episodes were animated to the newly Re-mastered audio.  The first lost episode to be animated was in Season 6 (third Doctor) episode 8 part 1 and 4 “the invasion”.  However the process of animating full episodes proved to be too costly to produce, regardless of its success.

With today’s computers becoming more powerful and more animating programs are widely available to the public, many fans have begun making unofficial animations of said missing episodes.

Most of the lost episodes were recovered from outside the UK; this is because most of the episodes were sold by the BBC to foreign TV networks. This would allow doctor who to be seen would wide, thus the world wide appeal of the program grew.

 Even though Doctor Who has technically been  running for 50 years they were still questions that have always been asked and still left un-answered, the main one being in the title itself, “Doctor Who?” who is he? And other questions like it.

Transmedia in Music

There is a small connation between assassin’s creed and music advertising, mainly Ubisoft’s adverts for Assassin’s Creed would usually feature a yet to be released music single by various artist, example of this include:

Assassin’s creed brotherhood- Passout by Tinie Tempah 
Assassin’s Creed Revelations- Iron by Woodkid
Assassin’s Creed 3 - Radioactive by İmagine Dragons

Through the years music artists have been using transmedia in their songs/ videos, this comes in two forms. Some musical artist such as Gorilaz would use 2d/3d characters as digital face for the music. But the main form of transmedia in music here would be how some artists such as Evanescence (Amy Lee) and Eminem (Marshall Mathers ) and how they use transmedia in their music to express themselves,  but mainly to tell a story, their story.

Eminem is more noticeable for this with his songs, most if not all would be related to drug use, alcohol or his kids and family. In addition to this, it clear to see where Eminem is having his ups and downs in life via his music[2] not all of Eminem’s albums are a part of his.

Evanescence has also been known to share her life experiences through her music; most noticeable being “hello” The song details her experience when she was informed at a very young age that her sister died. [3]

“Playground school bell rings again
Rain clouds come to play again
Has no one told you she's not breathing?”   [4]

Conclusion

‘‘How have these two franchises used the form of Transmedia to develop their “universe” and how has it impacted on its consumer/viewer/gamer?’’

The Assassins’ creed franchise showed up in 2007, and since then it has slowly been moving into new medias, it can be seen that Ubisoft is only using transmedia to advertise its games but it has also used transmedia to give some of its bigger fans, the consumer/gamer the opportunity to “get to know the Assassins background” better with the novels that accompany the games. On the other hand it can also be seen that they are using transmedia to gain extra money and that they don’t really care about the fans. Most of the games follow the same familiar, 7 to 9 sequences (chapters) and a number of main missions and targets to kill, once the targets dead, the games over.

Doctor Who used Transmedia, not only to expand its universe but to keep it “alive” even though the TV series stopped. Most of Doctor Who’s spin-offs were made with the idea of its audience. Doctor Who is for both younger and older audience, whereas The Sarah Jane Adventures is aimed primarily to the younger audience, and Torchwood is targeted explicitly to the older mature audience

Can one been to be more successful than the other, if so why?.

The answer is yes; Assassin’s Creed only used transmedia to give the consumer some additional back stories to the already existing universe. Regardless to the comics that take place in different countries. 


But as said Doctor Who used it, not only to keep its brand alive for 50 years and to expand their universe’s to attract different audiences, another way to see this confusion is, Assassin’s creed’s story must come to an end soon, since its main character (Demand) died, and the purpose of the games is to uncover the truth of the Templars, (which is getting closer to its conclusion with every game). On the other hand Doctor Who will always survive, 50 years later and we have more questions than answers and an ever expanding universe in multiple forms.

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Comics for film, games, and animation: using comics to construct your transmedia storyworld.  /  Weaver, Tyler  (2012)

Convergence Culture, where old and new media collide/  Jenkins Henry 2006

[
1] http://www.doctorwhotv.co.uk/lego-doctor-who-up-for-review-61718.htm March 14 2014, Accessed March 22 2014

[2] http://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/feb/10/super-bowl-black-eyed-peas-transmedia Fembuary 10 2011, Accessed March 20 2014

[3] http://www.lyricinterpretations.com/Evanescence/Hello  December 9 2006, Accessed 21 march 2014

[4] http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/evanescence/hello.html  Accessed 21 March 2014

Lecture 12 Synthesis

Lecture 12 Synthesis

Aims.

-To provoke you into thinking about design, rather than just ‘doing it’
-To encourage you to pursue issues in more depth
-To form your own conclusions independently of practitioners and academics
-To experiment with ideas to see if they work in practice

LEARNING OUTCOMES

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

5A1: Demonstrate a critical understanding of the aesthetic, cultural, historical, technological, social, political or other contexts relevant to individual subject disciplines.

POLITICAL

ECONOMIC

SOCIAL

TECHNOLOGICAL

COGNITIVE SKILLS

5B1: Evidence the ability to use logic, reasoning and critical judgement to analyse ideas from a range of primary and secondary sources

PRACTICAL AND PROFESSIONAL SKILLS

C1: Evidence the capacity for undertaking practical and theoretical research that demonstrates an informed application of critical, effective and testable processes.

KEY TRANSFERRABLE SKILLS

5D1: Organise and carry out self-directed projects and communicate outcomes through written and other appropriate forms

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

5A1: Demonstrate a critical understanding of the aesthetic, cultural, historical, technological, social, political or other contexts relevant to individual subject disciplines.

5A2: Demonstrate an awareness of the relationship between the theoretical and practical contexts of their own creative concerns

SYNTHESIS

All component parts of the project engaging in one complex, dynamic process

                Informed engagement

                The realisation of theory in, and through, practice

                PRAXIS

Lecture 11- What is Critical Analysis?

Lecture 11-  What is Critical Analysis?

Lecture Aims

-To explore the meaning of critical analysis
-To develop critical thinking and writing skills
-To begin critically analysing some examples

Definitions

-critical analysis - an appraisal based on careful analytical evaluation
-Critical analysis is a central process involved in all academic work. It involves hard (critical) thinking which is applying rational and logical thinking while deconstructing the different texts that a person reads
-it is when you are a terrorist

How does it work?

-Carefully considering an idea and weighing up the evidence supporting it to see if it is convincing
-Then being able to explain why you find the evidence convincing or unconvincing.

Bloom’s (1956) Hierarchy/Taxonomy of Thinking Skills

      

    Evaluate ;(Make judgments about the value of ideas or information)

 Synthesize ;(Combine ideas or information into something new)

       Analyse; (Make a systematic and detailed examination of an Argument or piece of research)
          Apply:(Use knowledge)
Comprehend ;(Have understanding)
          Know; (Be aware of something, recall information)

Differences between descriptive and critical analytical writing

Descriptive writing	Critical analytic writing
States what happened	Identifies its significance
States what something is like	Evaluates strengths and weaknesses
Lists details	Evaluates relative significance of details
States the order in which things happened	Makes reasoned judgments
Says how to do something	Argues a case according to the evidence

Practicing critical analysis

It helps if you ask yourself a series of questions about the material you are reading:

-Who is the author and what is their viewpoint or bias?
-Who is the audience and how does that influence the way information is presented?
-What is the main message of the text?
-What evidence has been used to support this main message?
-Is the evidence convincing; are there any counter-arguments?
-Do I agree with the text and why do I agree or disagree?

How to get more critical analysis into your essay

-Avoid unnecessary description – only include general background details and history
-Practice distinguishing between description (telling what happened) and analysis (judging why something happened)

Interpret your evidence – explain how and why your evidence supports your point. Interpretation is an important part of critical analysis, and you should not just rely on the evidence "speaking for itself”

Be specific - avoid making sweeping generalisations or points that are difficult to support without specific evidence. It is better to be more measured and tie your argument to precise examples or case studies

Use counter-arguments to your advantage – if you find viewpoints that go against your own argument, don't ignore them. It strengthens an argument to include an opposing viewpoint and explain why it is not as convincing as your own line of reasoning.””

Writing critically

-How do I criticise the work of established academics/practitioners?

-By reading other established academics/ practitioners that may have different views
-By looking for practical evidence that may support or refute the established theory.

-How can I criticise other’s work?

-Check for logical coherency of the arguments.
-May the author be biased?

-Cultural, gender, professional biases, etc.

-Does the author clearly outline his/her theoretical base?
-Are the author’s arguments supported by relevant evidence and other people’s work?
-Are the author’s methods trustworthy?

-Is critical writing about criticising other’s work?

-Yes but it is only a small part.

-It is also about:

-Integrating different sources of information (books, articles, etc.) to provide a fuller picture of your topic.
-Giving an overview of your topic:

-What are the key themes, arguments and conclusions?
-How were they developed?
-Do the authors in the area agree/disagree with each other?
-What does the theory in your topic mean for practice?

-Providing practical evidence to illustrate and support your arguments. 

Lecture 10 What is Research

Lecture 10 What is Research

POSITIVISM

-Facts with a Capital FSeperation of fact from value (value freedom)
-Objectivity
-Measurement rather than argument
-The facts speak for themselves
-Causation
-Separation and control of variables
-Rigorous methodological principles

Approaches to Research

-Empiricism
-Quantitative Research
-Qualitative Research
-Subjectivism

Action Research

METHODOLOGY

Method: a way of proceeding about something in a systematic or logical manner.

Methodology: The science of method, employed in a particular activity

A logical and predefined and systematic strategy by which to undertake a research project, including methods of evaluation, schedules and stated intentions.

SOME METHODOLOGIES

HISTORICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL, SEMIOTIC, COMMUNICATION THEORY, POSTCOLONIAL, PSYCHOANALYSIS , POSTMODERNIST, DISCOURSE ANALYSIS, MARXISM, FEMINISM, QUEER THEORY, GENDER STUDIES, REFLECTIVE PRACTICE, EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION, HERMENEUTICS, DATA COLLECTION, PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION THE HERMENEUTIC CIRCLE

Developed by Heidegger

Interpretation is a process designed to clarify an experience and assign meaning to it

This is aided by the hermeneutic circle which involves looking at different perspectives on events and relating individual components

Lecture 9 Subculture Style

Lecture 9 Subculture Style

This lecture will look at:

-An introduction to writings on Subculture
-Skateboarding/ parkour and free running/ graffiti as a performance of the city
-The Riot Grrrl movement as a feminine and feminist subculture
-The portrayal of youth subculture in film and photography

Definition of Subculture

In sociology, anthropology and cultural studies, a subculture is a group of people with a culture (whether distinct or hidden) which differentiates them from the larger culture to which they belong.

Parkour/Freerunning

Parkour - a method of movement focused on moving around obstacles with speed and efficiency. Originally developed in France, the main purpose of the discipline is to teach participants how to move through their environment by vaulting, rolling, running, climbing and jumping. Parkour practitioners are known as traceurs. They train to be able to identify and utilize alternate or the more efficient paths through the city

Free running- a form of urban acrobatics in which participants, known as free runners, use the city and rural landscape to perform movements through its structures, places more emphasis on freedom of movement and creativity than efficiency

Miss Van

McDonald suggest that women come to the subculture laden with the baggage of gender in that her physicality (her looks) and her sexuality will be commented on critically in a way that male writers do not experience

Angela Mc Robbie and Jenny Garber

-Girl subcultures may have become more invisible  because the very term ‘subculture’ has acquired such strong masculine overtones (1977)
-In postmodern subcultures overly feminine subcultural movements like the Lolita fashion are often assumed to be sexually suspect

Hells Angels

-In rocker and motorbike culture girls usually rode pillion
-Wills 1978: girls did not enter into the cameraderie, competition and knowledge of the machine
-In this subculture women were either girlfriend of.. Or ‘mama’ figure

Mod girl

-Mod culture springs from working class teenage consumerism in the 1960’s in the UK
-Teenage girls worked in cities in service industries for example, or in clothing shops where they are encouraged to model the boutique clothing
-This meant they had money for socialising and mod rallies.

Hippy girl

-Subculture arises through universities  of the late 60’s and early 70’s
-Middle class girl therefore has the space to explore subculture for longer before family etc.
-Space for leisure without work: encourages ‘personal expression’

Riot Grrrl- mid 1990’s onwards

Underground punk movement based in Washington DC, Olympia, Portland, Oregon and the greater Pacific Northwest

Riot Grrl???

-Mount Pleasant Race Riots in 1991
-Bratmobile member Jen Smith (later of Rastro! and The Quails), reacted to the violence by prophetically writing in a letter to Allison Wolfe: "This summer's going to be a girl riot."

The commodity form

-Subcultural signs like dress styles and music are turned into mass produced objects
-Eg: clothing which is ripped as an anarchic anti-fashion statement becomes mass produced with rips as part of the design

This is England (2006) Shane Meadows

-The new kid on the estate transforms into a British Skin
-His dad has been killed in the Falklands War and his new friends become a surrogate family